Whitmore Surnames Project

Whitmore Surname Project

Project Co-Administrators: Hal Whitmore / Dave Whitmore

DNA Results

Whitmore Surname Project
Results Page

Our project results are now being reported through our own self-developed and designed administration system. There are various ways in which the data can be viewed - with the 37 markers test results as being the default view. The reasoning behind this was to try to keep the website tidy with uniform page sizes. However, a full 67+ page is available in a larger window (although this will depend on your screen size, resolution and browser). Groups can be selected individually, where descriptions and other information are provided in those views.

At the moment we have six defined groups - those being groups of individuals who are highly likely to share common ancestors. There is a seventh group in which participants are placed if they aren't yet matched with others - in order to be in their own groups. As and when more groups are added, unmatched participants and those with results pending will move up to the highest numbered group..

As this is a Y-DNA (paternal line) project we will not attempt to discuss mt-DNA results even for those who have tested.

Legend:

In the table, there are a number of features. Clicking on a participants name will open a small window with 1) test company information, 2) a link to email the participant, 3) a link to the most distant ancestor in the participan's pedigree, 4) a link to the participant's Y Search entry, if such exists, and 5) information on whether the participant has a web site.

The DYS numbers in red are considered fast mutating markers. Entries (numbers) marked in black on a white background, eg 16 are to show the differences (or mutations) between participants.

Haplogroups that have been confirmed by SNP testing are in bold green text. Haplogroups that have been estimated by the testing company are in bold red text. Haplogroups estimated by the project administrators are in normal black text.

Matched Group Results:

All of these groups have been identified by careful analysis of all available data including, number of markers tested, number of mismatches, which markers were mismatched and existing genealogies. Except in rare occasions, once a matched group is identified, they are assigned a permanent group number and are referred to in the future by that number.

			DYS#
G r o u p	Kit	Name	Haplo Group	3 9 3	3 9 0	1 9	3 9 1	3 8 5 a	3 8 5 b	4 2 6	3 8 8	4 3 9	3 8 I 1	3 9 2	3 8 9 I 2	4 5 8	4 5 9 a	4 5 9 b	4 5 5	4 5 4	4 4 7	4 3 7	4 4 8	4 4 9	4 6 4 a	4 6 4 b	4 6 4 c	4 6 4 d	4 6 0	G A T H 4	Y C A 11 A	Y C A 11 B	4 5 6	6 0 7	5 7 6	5 7 0	C D Y a	C D Y b	4 4 2	4 3 8
3	*MODAL*	*HAPLOTYPE*	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	48438	Hal	R1b1b2a1b*	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	61871	Thomas	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	T092091	Christopher	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16						12	12	-
3	180453	Stan	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	A10132285	Harry	R1b	13	24	15	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17			11	11	24		19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23								12	-
3	179150	Kevin E.	R1b1b2	13	24	13	10	11	15	12	12	13	13	13	29	17	9	9	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	74672	Marty	R1b1b2	13	24	14	10	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	151719	Will	R1b1b2	13	24	14	10	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	15	15	16	16	37	39	12	12	-
3	144048	Ralph H.	R1b1b2	13	24	14	10	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	9	9	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	40	12	12	-
3	49123	Kevin	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	11	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	15	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	61571	Frank	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	12	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	13	12	-
3	96435	Ralph	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	18	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	60139	Clifford	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	12	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	39	12	12	-
3	60282	Warren	R1b1b2	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	24	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	16	18	37	38	12	12	-
3	182621	Roger		K	I	T		P	E	N	D	I	N	G																											-
3	144049	Rick W.		K	I	T		P	E	N	D	I	N	G																											-
3	27045	Jim	R1b1b2a1b*	13	24	14	11	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	09	09	11	11	25	15	19	29	15	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	17	18	38	39	12	12	-


Group Pedigree
Group 3 consists of descendants of Thomas Wetmore, (b England c 1615, d Middletown, CT 1681). One member of the group has been SNP tested as R1b1b2a1b. The modal haplotype shown is also the triangulated ancestral haplotype. All members of this group, but one, have paper trails to the immigrant ancestor. Three members of this group have tested with Relative Genetics, Ancestry and/or Sorenson, and thus have incomplete results for 37 markers. One participant, Harry, is not included in the discussion below, nor is he included in the group pedigree, as his paper trail extends only to his grandfather at present. We will need to work on that. Click on Harry's name in the chart above, to access his pedigree. 67+ Markers list for this group.* Group 3: Descendants of Thomas Wetmore (d. 1681) Discussion of DNA test results We now have results on twelve participants who are descended from Thomas Wetmore. Two are descended from his son Samuel, four from his son Izrahiah, one from his son Beriah and four from his son Joseph. Nine have been tested for 37 markers and three have tested at Relative Genetics and Ancestry. Thomas Whitmore/Wetmore (1615-1681) was an English immigrant to the Connecticut Colony circa 1635, whose birth place in England is presently unknown. The haplogroup for this lineage is R1b1b2a1b, determined by SNP testing of Kit # 48438. (Clicking on the figure above will give you a slightly larger view.) Two of the participants (Kit # 61871, descended from Izrahiah, and Kit # 48438, descended from Joseph) are an identical match on all 37 markers. Two two more participants, tested at Relative Genetics and Ancestry also match on all the markers they have in common (32). Using the results from these, we can deduce the same haplotype for the common ancestor, Thomas himself. Five participants (Kit # 75672, descended from Samuel; Kits # 60282 and 96435, descended from Izrahiah; and Kits # 60139 and T092091, descended from Joseph) have a one step mutation (a change amounting to one number) at DYS (DNA Y chromosome Segment, the "name" of the particular marker) 391, CDYb and at GATA H4 respectively, or a genetic difference of one from the ancestral haplotype in each case. (These mutations are highlighted in white in the table.) The remaining two participants (Kit # 49123, descended from Beriah, and Kits # 61571, descended from Joseph) have two one step mutations on two different markers, or a genetic distance of two from the ancestral. All mutations are unique to the individual tested. These mutations, and the lines of descent from the common ancestor, are shown above. One participant, Harry, is included in the table, but not in the "family tree" figure. He has been unable to trace his lineage earlier than the mid 1800's in South Carolina. The family surname is Witmore, rather than Wetmore. DNA results indicate that he is probably a descendant of the same immigrant ancestor. His results from Ancestry are based on a comparison of only 27 markers, and we recommend extending the number of markers tested to increase the probability of his being a member of this group. The perfect match between Kit #61871 and Kit # 48438 is slightly surprising. The two men are 8th cousins, once removed. Using the 37 markers and a total of twenty transmission events with the estimated mutation rate of 0.002, the calculated number of mutations is 1.5.^[1] One mutation or two mutations would have been a more probable result, but the actual result of zero mutations is certainly within a reasonable probability. If we were to compare just the results for the two participants with two mutations from the deduced ancestral, a genetic difference of four on 37 markers, we would be unlikely to predict the relationship as close as it is (they are seventh cousins, once removed). However, if we compare them with the ancestral haplotype or with the two participants with the identical haplotypes, the results are much closer to what we would expect. We have one further probable descendant of Thomas Wetmore, Kit 132922. Rick's haplogroup is E1b1b1, so in spite of his Wetmore surname he is not descended in the male line from Thomas. He is, however a close match with someone with another surname. That surname happens to be the same as the middle name of one of his early ancestors, a family prominent in the New York county where his family was located. We believe it is quite possible that he is descended from a Wetmore daughter* whose son carried her surname while his biological father's surname was used as a middle name. He is working to establish a paper trail. As noted above haplogroup R1b is the most the common haplogroups among Europeans, and because of this the haplogroup itself is being thoroughly investigated for sub groupings. The deduced ancestral haplotype conforms closely to the "Super Western Atlantic" Modal Haplotype.^[2] The family haplotype is thus quite common. Notes: [1] Ann Turner, "Mutation Calculator for Y Chromosome STR Markers," http://members.aol.com/dnacousins/MRCA.exe. See explanation on http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GENEALOGY-DNA/2001-12/1008355259. (Accessed 26 May 2006.) [2] Whit Athey, "STR Allele Frequencies for Haplogroup R1b," http://www.worldfamilies.net/Super%20Western%20Atlantic%20Modal%20Haplotype.htm (Accessed 25 May 2006.) Suggested Next Steps: We now have a solid base line for this family. The long term additional steps remain the same: Thomas Wetmore was the father of nine sons: John, baptized 1646; Thomas, born 1652; Samuel, born 1655; Izrahiah, born 1657; Beriah, born 1658; Nathaniel, born 1661; Joseph born 1663; Josiah, born 1668 (no record of any descendants); and Benjamin, born 1674 (no record of any descendans). Warren Wetmore, who is very familiar with many of the lines, believes that the Thomas line "daughtered out." That leaves us with Nathaniel who may have living male descendants. It would be useful to have another two descendants of both Beriah and Samuel as well as three from Nathaniel's line to round out our knowledge of this family. We ask the descendants of these lines to consider contacting their most distant cousins and asking them to test. Most of the mutations on tested participants are unique to those participants, which means that they may be very descriptive of those lines. An additional participant in the Samuel and Beriah lines might help to more closely define when the mutations in the present participants occured. We now have three British Whitmores to our project. One is haplogroup G2 (SNP tested) and matches no one in the project. A second is haplogroup I, and is part of the Whitmore/Whittemore family group. The third is R1b1 and matches no one in the project. In fact he has only two matches in the entire FTDNA database, which is very unusual for a haplogroup R1b with only 12 markers. (I am R1b1c and have 403 matches on 12 marker with the full database.) There is an outstanding offer (from a female descendant of Thomas) of three additional 12 marker sponsorships of English Whitmores and Wetmores who can trace their lines at least to the early 19th century. This may give us some leads on the English ancestry of Thomas. We have recently extended this to a male descendant of the Whatmores, another spelling variation of Whitmore, which probably originated as Watmough or Watmore. We believe that this connection is unlikely, but a 12 marker test could allow us to eliminate this line, as has been the case with the Whittamores of Hitchin, Herts. View Larger Map

Group Pedigree

Group 3 consists of descendants of Thomas Wetmore, (b England c 1615, d Middletown, CT 1681). One member of the group has been SNP tested as R1b1b2a1b*. The modal haplotype shown is also the triangulated ancestral haplotype. All members of this group, but one, have paper trails to the immigrant ancestor. Three members of this group have tested with Relative Genetics, Ancestry and/or Sorenson, and thus have incomplete results for 37 markers. One participant, Harry, is not included in the discussion below, nor is he included in the group pedigree, as his paper trail extends only to his grandfather at present. We will need to work on that. Click on Harry's name in the chart above, to access his pedigree.

67+ Markers list for this group.

Group 3: Descendants of Thomas Wetmore (d. 1681)
Discussion of DNA test results

We now have results on twelve participants who are descended from Thomas Wetmore. Two are descended from his son Samuel, four from his son Izrahiah, one from his son Beriah and four from his son Joseph. Nine have been tested for 37 markers and three have tested at Relative Genetics and Ancestry. Thomas Whitmore/Wetmore (1615-1681) was an English immigrant to the Connecticut Colony circa 1635, whose birth place in England is presently unknown. The haplogroup for this lineage is R1b1b2a1b*, determined by SNP testing of Kit # 48438.

(Clicking on the figure above will give you a slightly larger view.)

Two of the participants (Kit # 61871, descended from Izrahiah, and Kit # 48438, descended from Joseph) are an identical match on all 37 markers. Two two more participants, tested at Relative Genetics and Ancestry also match on all the markers they have in common (32). Using the results from these, we can deduce the same haplotype for the common ancestor, Thomas himself. Five participants (Kit # 75672, descended from Samuel; Kits # 60282 and 96435, descended from Izrahiah; and Kits # 60139 and T092091, descended from Joseph) have a one step mutation (a change amounting to one number) at DYS (DNA Y chromosome Segment, the "name" of the particular marker) 391, CDYb and at GATA H4 respectively, or a genetic difference of one from the ancestral haplotype in each case. (These mutations are highlighted in white in the table.) The remaining two participants (Kit # 49123, descended from Beriah, and Kits # 61571, descended from Joseph) have two one step mutations on two different markers, or a genetic distance of two from the ancestral. All mutations are unique to the individual tested. These mutations, and the lines of descent from the common ancestor, are shown above.

One participant, Harry, is included in the table, but not in the "family tree" figure. He has been unable to trace his lineage earlier than the mid 1800's in South Carolina. The family surname is Witmore, rather than Wetmore. DNA results indicate that he is probably a descendant of the same immigrant ancestor. His results from Ancestry are based on a comparison of only 27 markers, and we recommend extending the number of markers tested to increase the probability of his being a member of this group.

The perfect match between Kit #61871 and Kit # 48438 is slightly surprising. The two men are 8th cousins, once removed. Using the 37 markers and a total of twenty transmission events with the estimated mutation rate of 0.002, the calculated number of mutations is 1.5.^[1] One mutation or two mutations would have been a more probable result, but the actual result of zero mutations is certainly within a reasonable probability.

If we were to compare just the results for the two participants with two mutations from the deduced ancestral, a genetic difference of four on 37 markers, we would be unlikely to predict the relationship as close as it is (they are seventh cousins, once removed). However, if we compare them with the ancestral haplotype or with the two participants with the identical haplotypes, the results are much closer to what we would expect.

We have one further probable descendant of Thomas Wetmore, Kit 132922. Rick's haplogroup is E1b1b1, so in spite of his Wetmore surname he is not descended in the male line from Thomas. He is, however a close match with someone with another surname. That surname happens to be the same as the middle name of one of his early ancestors, a family prominent in the New York county where his family was located. We believe it is quite possible that he is descended from a Wetmore daughter whose son carried her surname while his biological father's surname was used as a middle name. He is working to establish a paper trail.

As noted above haplogroup R1b is the most the common haplogroups among Europeans, and because of this the haplogroup itself is being thoroughly investigated for sub groupings. The deduced ancestral haplotype conforms closely to the "Super Western Atlantic" Modal Haplotype.^[2] The family haplotype is thus quite common.

Notes:
[1] Ann Turner, "Mutation Calculator for Y Chromosome STR Markers," http://members.aol.com/dnacousins/MRCA.exe. See explanation on http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GENEALOGY-DNA/2001-12/1008355259. (Accessed 26 May 2006.)
[2] Whit Athey, "STR Allele Frequencies for Haplogroup R1b," http://www.worldfamilies.net/Super%20Western%20Atlantic%20Modal%20Haplotype.htm (Accessed 25 May 2006.)

Suggested Next Steps:

We now have a solid base line for this family. The long term additional steps remain the same:

Thomas Wetmore was the father of nine sons: John, baptized 1646; Thomas, born 1652; Samuel, born 1655; Izrahiah, born 1657; Beriah, born 1658; Nathaniel, born 1661; Joseph born 1663; Josiah, born 1668 (no record of any descendants); and Benjamin, born 1674 (no record of any descendans). Warren Wetmore, who is very familiar with many of the lines, believes that the Thomas line "daughtered out." That leaves us with Nathaniel who may have living male descendants. It would be useful to have another two descendants of both Beriah and Samuel as well as three from Nathaniel's line to round out our knowledge of this family. We ask the descendants of these lines to consider contacting their most distant cousins and asking them to test.
Most of the mutations on tested participants are unique to those participants, which means that they may be very descriptive of those lines. An additional participant in the Samuel and Beriah lines might help to more closely define when the mutations in the present participants occured.
We now have three British Whitmores to our project. One is haplogroup G2 (SNP tested) and matches no one in the project. A second is haplogroup I, and is part of the Whitmore/Whittemore family group. The third is R1b1 and matches no one in the project. In fact he has only two matches in the entire FTDNA database, which is very unusual for a haplogroup R1b with only 12 markers. (I am R1b1c and have 403 matches on 12 marker with the full database.) There is an outstanding offer (from a female descendant of Thomas) of three additional 12 marker sponsorships of English Whitmores and Wetmores who can trace their lines at least to the early 19th century. This may give us some leads on the English ancestry of Thomas. We have recently extended this to a male descendant of the Whatmores, another spelling variation of Whitmore, which probably originated as Watmough or Watmore. We believe that this connection is unlikely, but a 12 marker test could allow us to eliminate this line, as has been the case with the Whittamores of Hitchin, Herts.

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50 Participants

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Whitmore Surname Project